SNOWY CROWN ROBIN-CHAT (Cossypha niveicapilla)

Snowy crowned Robin-chat; Cossypha niveicapilla nestlings during their breeding season between October and November. This bird species was observed from egg until the time they were old enough to fly. At maturity both sexes are similar, has a short tail compared to one of its allied species, the white crowned robin-chat. Only the center of the crown is white while the sides being black like that of the cheeks as seen in the images above. This bird species mimics varied calls of other species thus, during identification it is can be quite difficult to tell from its calls although it has its peculiar call. This image was taken at the North Eastern Nigeria

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SALT LICK (Natural salt lick)

Salt-licks are places where natural mineral salt from beneath the earth surface sips out to the outermost surface, where they can be utilized by animals. These salt forms an integral part of the animals diet, as these salts aids digestion and maintaining salt balance of the body. There are varied salt licks but mainly; Natural salt lick and the man made or artificial salt lick. The photos above are natural salt lick, these photos were taken at the North Eastern part of Nigeria; Gashaka-Gumti National Park at Taraba State- Mayo Jarandi. The hoof-print belongs to a duiker; this salt lick is shaded from the typical tropical sunshine, thus, the temperature is maintained at fairly cold compared to other areas within the same habitat. The salt lick harbors different animal species including herbivores like, bush bucks, water bucks, western hartebeests, yellow backed duikers, the red backed duikers, the roan antelopes, the savannah and water buffalos, elephants, red river hogs

Covid-19 Not all Shades of Grey

photo credit: statnews.com COVID-19: NOT ALL SHADES OF GRAY The coronavirus typical of all infectious virus requires a living host to multiply and thrive however living outside a living host the virus can survive ranging from hours to days. In the survival and spread techniques of such infectious microorganisms it's seen as they are dependent on human behaviors, habits to ensure their conquest. Where some host are not hurt by the virus may yet serve as reservoir for these harmful pathogens. Over time humans have been affected by different disease having pathogenic origin of bacteria, viruses, fungi, helminths and protozoans which could be primary or as a result of secondary infections, all of which have the capacity of causing ill- health . The coronavirus have been accused of being the destroyer of worldwide economy, the killer of humans and the narrator of the times as the virus permits. Enough of all this scientific facts. Before the advent of the novel coronavirus, Afr

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